Landers (1988), at Arizona State University, conducted these studies on archers and found that when alpha waves were studied in the left hemisphere, they either missed the target less or did not miss it at all. Similar studies were reported by Allman (1992), and the effects of alpha waves were observed in golfers, archers, basketball players, and shooters. Similarly, Paul et al. (2011) conducted a four-week Sport Performance-Neurofeedback program on archers at the school level. The archers' pre-competition enjoyment levels, pre-competition arousal levels, and post-competition arousal levels increased, and their archery shooting performance was also improved.

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The USA and the Netherlands, with their top champions and Olympic teams in ARCHERY, have integrated this brain training technology into their preparation processes.

Neurofeedback is an established mental training technique in archery that helps champions and elite athletes enter a “flow” or “zone” state under pressure. This method aims to optimize the brainwaves of athletes; often by reducing excessive beta waves and increasing alpha or SMR waves, a calmer, more focused, and controlled mental state is sought. Top champions and Olympic teams from countries like the USA and the Netherlands have also integrated this brain training technology into their preparation processes.

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10975073/

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Croatian archers Mario Vavro and Domagoj Buden, in collaboration with Core Interface, a company comprised of doctors, scientists, engineers, and sports professionals, have developed a new app called Hit the Gold.

This app is a neurofeedback and performance enhancement tool designed for both amateur and professional archers.

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https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/140822/hit-gold-new-app-trains-mental-game-archery

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Neurofeedback (neurotherapy) is a scientific method used in sports to improve peak performance by optimizing brainwaves (especially alpha waves) during archery shots, thereby enhancing focus and stress management. In Pakistan, there are health centers offering clinical services for this type of athlete-focused mental training support.

Neurofeedback and Mental Performance Centers in Pakistan
The main centers in Pakistan offering neurobiological performance, psychiatric rehabilitation, and brainwave training are:
Synapse – Pakistan Neuroscience Institute: A comprehensive neuroscience center offering mental performance, psychotherapy, and psychiatric counseling services.

 

https://pakmh.com/service_provider/synapse-pakistan-neuroscience-institute/

 

Pakistan Institute of Mental Health (PIMH): Located in Rawalpindi, this institution offers EEG-based therapies for stress management, focus, and cognitive regulation.

https://pimh.pk/

Aga Khan University: One of the leading academic medical institutions in the country conducting neuropsychological research and applications on neurofeedback and mindfulness.

 

https://ecommons.aku.edu/pakistan_fhs_mc_surg_surg/933/

Neurofeedback in Archery
Archery is a high-precision sport requiring millimeter accuracy, timely control of muscle memory, and intense concentration. Athletes benefit from this technique in the following ways:

 

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10975073/

https://d-nb.info/1262806771/34

Focus and Calmness: Brainwaves are measured and trained in real time to prevent hand tremors and distraction during the shot.
Optimal Stress Management: By balancing anxiety (arousal level) during competition, it facilitates the athlete's ability to transition to peak performance with willpower.

 

https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/190531

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/human-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2025.1487737/full